Plants

Study about plants - Botony

Father of Botony - Theophrastus

Who stated that the different parts of the plant organism are composed of cells - M J Schleiden

Who stated that the animal body is composed of cells - Theodor Schwann

Cell Theory put forwarded by M J Schleiden and Theodor Schwann in 1839

Cell was first discovered by Robert Hooke

Micrographia is a historically significant book by Robert Hooke in which he describes structure of Cells

Study of Cells - Cytology

Who discovered the nucleus in plant cells - Robert Brown

Xylem and Phloem are the two types of transport tissues in vascular plants.

The basic function of xylem is to transport water from roots to shoots and leaves

Phloem conducts sugars and other metabolic products downwards from the leaves.

Sclerenchyma is a plant tissue providing mechanical stiffness and strength.

Parenchyma cells make up the bulk of the soft parts of plants.

Collenchyma provides extra structural support, particularly in regions of new growth.

Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in leaves and stems which gives leaves green color.

The element found in Chlorophyll - Magnesium

Xanthophyll  is a pgment which gives yellow color for leaf.

A plant cuticle is a protecting film covering the epidermis of leaves, young shoots and other aerial plant organs without periderm. It consists of lipid and hydrocarbon polymers impregnated with wax, and is synthesized exclusively by the epidermal cells.

Ethylene acts at trace levels throughout the life of the plant by stimulating or regulating the ripening of fruit, the opening of flowers, and the abscission (or shedding) of leaves.

The chemical widely used for artificially ripening fruits is calcium carbide (CaC2).

Abscisic acid is involved in many developmental plant processes, including leaf abscission, responding to environmental stress, and inhibiting fruit ripening.

Florigen (or flowering hormone) is the hypothesized hormone-like molecule responsible for controlling and/or triggering flowering in plants.

Dendrochronology (or tree-ring dating) is the scientific method of dating tree rings (also called growth rings) to the exact year they were formed in order to analyze atmospheric conditions during different periods in history.